Obtención de funciones multivariables para el estudio generalizado de la estabilidad y estabilidad asintótica de los puntos de equilibrio de un sistema autónomo no lineal, en el Departamento de Física – UNJBG en el año 2013

El propósito de esta tesis, es determinar la estabilidad y la estabilidad asintótica de los puntos de equilibrio de los sistemas autónomos no lineales, ya que no teníamos hasta ahora de ningún medio para establecer la estabilidad, salvo que hallemos efectivamente todas las soluciones del sistema, lo que puede resultar difícil si no imposible. Se investigó que la estabilidad y estabilidad asintótica de los puntos de equilibrio de un sistema autónomo no lineal es posible determinarlo por medio de las propiedades de una función de Liapunov. La función de Liapunov es una función real de variable vectorial que en un punto de equilibrio se anula, y tiene un mínimo local estricto. Además, la función decrece a lo largo de la solución del sistema autónomo no lineal. Finalmente, la idea central es detectar estabilidad para un sistema autónomo no lineal por medio de las propiedades de una función, denominada Liapunov y esto se hace sin conocer las soluciones del sistema, solo la función.Tesi

Evaluación técnica y económica para el mejoramiento de suelos finos con fines de cimentación, por medio de compactación dinámica e inclusiones rígidas

El presente trabajo de tesis tuvo como finalidad evaluar de manera técnica y económica los mejoramientos de suelos finos a través de los métodos de compactación dinámica e inclusiones rígidas. Estas técnicas mejoran de manera significativa las propiedades geotécnicas de los suelos en su estado natural, como es la capacidad portante, reducir su nivel de asentamiento y evitar el fenómeno de licuación. La Compactación Dinámica (C.D.) es una técnica desarrollada en Europa y que se está aplicando en Sudamérica con buenos resultados, consiste en aplicar impactos continuos de una masa a cierta altura, que comprime el suelo con una determinada energía de impacto, logrando mejorar las propiedades mecánicas del suelo. Detallaremos un caso práctico de C.D. realizado en el Perú y como fue el proceso de mejoramiento de suelo. Se analizaron las características antes durante y después, a través de ensayos de campo y de laboratorio, bajo el soporte de la normativa técnica vigente (N.T.E. 050), estos suelos al ser finos y colapsables presentaron una capacidad portante inicial de 0.80 Kg/cm2, con esta técnica evaluaremos como se logró mejorar dicho valor y reducir el asentamiento de manera significativa. De las inclusiones rígidas se efectúa un modelo teórico para evaluar las propiedades del suelo del caso práctico. Con los resultados obtenidos en ambos casos, se ha procedido a evaluar y comparar de manera técnica, considerando el tiempo y el costo, con la finalidad de obtener conclusiones y recomendaciones que ratifiquen los objetivos del presente trabajo.Tesi

Aplicación de la tecnología BIM en el proyecto conjunto residencial Rafaela II para la disminución de costos operativos, Trujillo - La Libertad

Esta tesis está enfocada a la rama de gestión de proyectos, para su desarrollo los datos han sido recopilados, atreves del modelado hecho son los software Revit y Naviswork y encuestas a profundidad, en la obra Conjunto Residencial Rafaela II, proyecto ejecutado por la empresa COAM Contratistas. Debido a que en proyectos de edificaciones, desarrollados según el modelo tradicional de entrega de proyectos Diseño/Licitación/Construcción, los documentos de diseño e ingeniería son elaborados en la etapa de diseño por arquitectos, consultorías y proyectistas de ingeniería, desempeñando un papel importante en los proyectos de construcción ya que trasladan las necesidades y requerimientos del cliente en planos y especificaciones técnicas. Estos documentos, al contener toda la información necesaria para llevar a cabo la construcción, sirven de base durante el proceso de licitación y posteriormente se entregan a la empresa contratista como documentos oficiales para que comience con la ejecución. Por lo que lo ideal sería que los documentos contractuales del proyecto de construcción deberían estar completos, precisos, sin conflictos y ambigüedades, pero desafortunadamente esto es raramente encontrado y muy a menudo la contratista empieza la construcción con documentos incompatibles, erróneos e incompletos, requiriendo, por consiguiente, clarificaciones que tienen que ser respondidas por los proyectistas y diseñadores en pleno proceso de construcción. Cuando se da este caso, es esencial que la información sea entregada a la contratista eficientemente y sin retrasos, de lo contrario podría influir en la eficiencia durante el desarrollo del proyecto.This thesis is focused on the branch project management for their development data have been collected, dare modeling done are Revit and Naviswork software and surveys depth in the work Residential Rafaela II, a project implemented by the company COAM contractors. Because in building projects, developed by the traditional delivery model projects Design / Bid / Build, design documents and engineering are made in the design stage by architects, consultants and designers engineering, playing an important role in construction projects since moving the needs and requirements of the customer drawings and specifications. These documents, containing all the information necessary to carry out the construction, are the basis for the bidding process and subsequently delivered to the contractor as official documents to begin execution. So ideally contractual documents of the construction project should be complete, accurate, without conflicts and ambiguities, but unfortunately this is rarely encountered and very often the contractor begins construction with incompatible, incorrect or incomplete documents, requiring, therefore clarifications that have to be answered by the designers and designers in the building process. When this is the case, it is essential that information is delivered to the contractor efficiently and without delay, otherwise it could affect the efficiency during project development.Tesi

Resonant Raman scattering off neutral quantum dots

Resonant inelastic (Raman) light scattering off neutral GaAs quantum dots which contain a mean number, N=42, of electron-hole pairs is computed. We find Raman amplitudes corresponding to strongly collective final states (charge-density excitations) of similar magnitude as the amplitudes related to weakly collective or single-particle excitations. As a function of the incident laser frequency or the magnetic field, they are rapidly varying amplitudes. It is argued that strong Raman peaks should come out in the spin-density channels, not related to valence-band mixing effects in the intermediate states.Comment: Accepted in Physical Review

Redox and Catalytic Properties of Promoted NiO Catalysts for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane

[EN] NiO and metal-promoted NiO catalysts (M-NiO, with a M/(M+Ni) atomic ratio of 0.08, with M = Nb, Sn, or La) have been prepared, tested in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane, and characterized by means of XRD, TPR, HRTEM, Raman, XPS, and in situ XAS (using H-2/He, air or C2H6/He mixtures). The selectivity to ethylene during the ODH of ethane decreases according to the following trend: Nb NiO Sn NiO > La NiO > NiO, whereas the catalyst reducibility (determined by both TPR and XAS using H-2/He mixtures) shows the opposite trend. However, different reducibility and catalytic behavior in the absence of oxygen (ethane/He mixtures) have been observed, especially when comparing Nb- and Sn-promoted NiO samples. These differences can be ascribed mainly to a different phase distribution of the promoter. The results presented here are discussed in terms of the nature of active and selective sites for ODH of ethane in selective and unselective catalysts, but also the role of promoters and the importance of their phase distribution.The authors would like to acknowledge the DGICYT in Spain CTQ2012-37925-C03-2, CTQ2015-68951-C3-1-R, and CTQ2015-68951-C3-3-R. Authors thank European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF (Project CH-4512; BM25-SpLine Beamlime). Authors from ITQ also thank Project SEV-2016-0683 for financial support. D.D. thanks MINECO and Severo Ochoa Excellence Program for his fellowship (SVP-2014-068669). B.S. also thanks UV-INV-AE16-484416. Finally, the authors thank the Electron Microscopy Service of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia for their support.Delgado-Muñoz, D.; Solsona Espriu, BE.; Ykrelef, A.; Rodriguez-Gomez, A.; Caballero, A.; Rodríguez-Aguado, E.; Rodriguez-Castellón, E.... (2017). Redox and Catalytic Properties of Promoted NiO Catalysts for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 121(45):25132-25142. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b07066S25132251421214

N-Glycosylation in piroplasmids : Diversity within simplicity

N-glycosylation has remained mostly unexplored in Piroplasmida, an order of tick-transmitted pathogens of veterinary and medical relevance. Analysis of 11 piroplasmid genomes revealed three distinct scenarios regarding N-glycosylation: Babesia sensu stricto (s.s.) species add one or two N-acetylglucosamine (NAcGlc) molecules to proteins; Theileria equi and Cytauxzoon felis add (NAcGlc)2-mannose, while B. microti and Theileria s.s. synthesize dolichol-P-P-NAcGlc and dolichol-P-P-(NAcGlc)2 without subsequent transfer to proteins. All piroplasmids possess the gene complement needed for the synthesis of the N-glycosylation substrates, dolichol-P and sugar nucleotides. The oligosaccharyl transferase of Babesia species, T. equi and C. felis, is predicted to be composed of only two subunits, STT3 and Ost1. Occurrence of short N-glycans in B. bovis merozoites was experimentally demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy using a NAcGlc-specific lectin. In vitro growth of B. bovis was significantly impaired by tunicamycin, an inhibitor of N-glycosylation, indicating a relevant role for N-glycosylation in this pathogen. Finally, genes coding for N-glycosylation enzymes and substrate biosynthesis are transcribed in B. bovis blood and tick stages, suggesting that this pathway is biologically relevant throughout the parasite life cycle. Elucidation of the role/s exerted by N-glycans will increase our understanding of these successful parasites, for which improved control measures are needed.Instituto de PatobiologíaFil: Florin-Christensen, Mónica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; ArgentinaFil: Florin-Christensen, Mónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Anabel Elisa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Anabel Elisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Suarez, Carlos Esteban. Washington State University. College of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology; Estados UnidosFil: Suarez, Carlos Esteban. United States Department of Agricultural-Agricultural Research Service. Animal Disease Research Unit; Estados UnidosFil: Ueti, Massaro W. Washington State University. College of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology; Estados UnidosFil: Ueti, Massaro W. United States Department of Agricultural-Agricultural Research Service. Animal Disease Research Unit; Estados UnidosFil: Delgado, Fernando Oscar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; ArgentinaFil: Delgado, Fernando Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Echaide, Ignacio Eduardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Schnittger, Leonhard. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; ArgentinaFil: Schnittger, Leonhard. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Local variability of serotinous cones in a Canary Island pine (Pinus canariensis) stand

The endemic Canary Island pine (Pinus canariensis) has an effective strategy to counteract fire disturbance in the short term. It has a mixed strategy that combines the presence of serotinous cones and thick barks with the ability to re-sprout from the trunk after a fire, a rare trait in pine species. High frequency of fires in the Canary Islands is related to human action, as natural fires by lightning or vulcan activity have very low frequency; hence, the how and whys of the presence of serotinous cones in the species is still a topic of debate. Previous studies showed that the frequency of serotinous cones varies from stand to stand. Here, we analyzed the presence of serotinous cones at a local scale. We selected a Canary Island pine stand in the transition zone between dry and humid forests in the south of Tenerife. Branches were pruned from 20 trees in order to evaluate the presence of serotinous vs. non-serotinous cones by direct verticile counting on the branches. The opening temperature of serotinous cones was assessed in the laboratory. Percentages of serotinous vs. non-serotinous cones varied from 0 to 93 %, showing high variability between trees. Opening temperatures were very high (above 65 ºC) as compared to other Mediterranean pine species with serotinous cone

Targeted Simplification Versus Antipseudomonal Broad-Spectrum Beta-Lactams in Patients With Bloodstream Infections Due to Enterobacteriaceae (SIMPLIFY): A Study Protocol for a Multicentre, Open-Label, Phase III Randomised, Controlled, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial.

Introduction Within the context of antimicrobial stewardship programmes, de-escalation of antimicrobial therapy is one of the proposed strategies for reducing the unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics (BSA). The empirical treatment of nosocomial and some healthcare- associated bloodstream infections (BSI) frequently includes a beta-lactam with antipseudomonal activity as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs, so there is a great opportunity to optimise the empirical therapy based on microbiological data. De-escalation is assumed as standard of care for experts in infectious diseases. However, it is less frequent than it would desirable. Methods and analysis The SIMPLIFY trial is a multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority phase III randomised controlled clinical trial, designed as a pragmatic ‘real-practice’ trial. The aim of this trial is to demonstrate the non-inferiority of de-escalation from an empirical beta-lactam with antipseudomonal activity to a targeted narrow-spectrum antimicrobial in patients with BSI due to Enterobacteriaceae. The primary outcome is clinical cure, which will be assessed at the test of cure visit. It will be conducted at 19 Spanish public and university hospitals. Ethics and dissemination Each participating centre has obtained the approval of the ethics review committee, the agreement of the directors of the institutions and authorisation from the Spanish Regulatory Agency (Agencia Española del Medicamento y Productos Sanitarios). Data will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. [Discussion] Strategies to reduce the use of BSA should be a priority. Most of the studies that support de-escalation are observational, retrospective and heterogeneous. A recent Cochrane review stated that well-designed clinical trials should be conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of de-escalation.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII): PI15/00439, integrado en el Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013-2016 y cofinanciado por la Unión Europea (ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”)

Bacillus subtilis como promotor de crecimiento en el cultivo de café (Coffea arabica)

The study sought to analyze the application of Bacillus subtilis as a growth promoter for coffee (Coffea arabica) in the Soritor district, Moyobamba province, San Martín region. A design of two plots was implemented, T0 was the control plot and in T1 0.18 g of Bacillus subtillus was applied; measurements of the stem and leaf count were made, as well as the foliar and soil analysis in the plots before and three months after the application of the treatment. The Mann Whitney U Test was used to determine if there was a significant difference between T0 and T1. The height and the number of leaves increased by 19.76% and 24.27% compared to T0; obtaining a difference between the averages of plant height of T0 and T1 of 3.7 cm and number of leaves of 2.5 cm. The coffee plants with the application of Bacillus subtilis as a growth promoter registered a greater number of leaves and height compared to T0. Nitrogen in plot T1 decreased from 0.24% to 0.21% in the soil, contrasting with an increase from 3.52% to 3.78% in the foliar analysis due to the solubilizing action of Bacillus subtilis.El estudio buscó analizar la aplicación de Bacillus subtilis como promotor de crecimiento del café (Coffea arabica) en el distrito de Soritor, provincia Moyobamba, región San Martín. Se implementó un diseño de dos parcelas, T0 fue la parcela testigo y en T1 se aplicó 0,18 g de Bacillus subtillus; se realizaron mediciones del tallo y conteo de hojas, así como el análisis foliar y de suelo en las parcelas antes y tres meses después de aplicación del tratamiento. Se usó la Prueba U de Mann Whitney para determinar si existía diferencia significativa entre T0 y T1. La altura y el número de hojas se incrementó un 19,76% y 24,27% comparado con T0; obteniendo una diferencia entre los promedios de altura de planta de T0 y T1 de 3,7 cm y número de hojas de 2,5 cm. Las plantas de café con la aplicación de Bacillus subtilis como promotor de crecimiento registraron un mayor número de hojas y altura comparado con el T0. El nitrógeno en la parcela T1 disminuyó de 0,24% a 0,21% en el suelo, contrastando un aumento de 3,52% a 3,78% en el análisis foliar por la acción solubilizadora de Bacillus subtilis

Project overview and update on WEAVE: the next generation wide-field spectroscopy facility for the William Herschel Telescope

We present an overview of and status report on the WEAVE next-generation spectroscopy facility for the William Herschel Telescope (WHT). WEAVE principally targets optical ground-based follow up of upcoming ground-based (LOFAR) and space-based (Gaia) surveys. WEAVE is a multi-object and multi-IFU facility utilizing a new 2-degree prime focus field of view at the WHT, with a buffered pick-and-place positioner system hosting 1000 multi-object (MOS) fibres, 20 integral field units, or a single large IFU for each observation. The fibres are fed to a single spectrograph, with a pair of 8k(spectral) x 6k (spatial) pixel cameras, located within the WHT GHRIL enclosure on the telescope Nasmyth platform, supporting observations at R~5000 over the full 370-1000nm wavelength range in a single exposure, or a high resolution mode with limited coverage in each arm at R~20000. The project is now in the final design and early procurement phase, with commissioning at the telescope expected in 2017.Comment: 11 pages, 11 Figures, Summary of a presentation to Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 201